Java

• 1991, James Gosling at Sun Microsystems
  
• general-purpose (but with network security in mind)
  
• platform-independent
  
• object-oriented language

C

• 1972, Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs
• general systems and applications-programming language
• low level
  emphasis on direct memory access (pointers),
  ”high-level assembler language”
  simple calling conventions make it naturally interoperable with outside libraries, other languages
• structured language
• very small, few keywords
• grew up with Unix